El Solar system Ndiyo hurongwa hwemapuraneti panowanikwa Nyika, asi wanga uchiziva here kuti ingangoita 99,86% yehuremu hweSolar System inogarwa neZuva? Nyeredzi huru inotenderedza mamwe mapuraneti, mapuraneti madiki, masatelliti echisikigo uye mamwe masimba ekudenga anotenderera. Muchinyorwa chino chakadzama, tichaongorora zvakadzama mapuraneti masere anotenderera Zuva.
Mercury
Mercury Ndiyo pasi iri padyo neZuva uye idiki pane Solar System. Kuve imwe yeanonzi mapuraneti ane matombo, haina mwedzi. Mercury yakagara ichitendwa kuti ine nguva yekutenderera yakaenzana nenguva yayo yekushandura (mazuva makumi masere nemasere), asi zvakazoonekwa kuti nguva yayo yekutenderera ipfupi, 88 mazuva ePasi.
Chitarisiko cheMercury chakada kufanana neMwedzi, nema craters anokonzerwa nemeteorite impact. Nekuda kwepedyo neZuva, pasi rino rinotambura nekupisa kwakanyanya, kusiyanisa pakati pe430 °C masikati uye kudonha kusvika -180 °C husiku. Uku kusiyanisa kwekushisa kunokonzerwa nekushayikwa kwemhepo inokosha, iyo inokonzerawo kupera kwekupisa nokukurumidza kana zuva ranyura.
Mercury yanga iri nyaya yemamisheni akati wandei, senge Mufambisi wechikepe 10 uye probe MUTUMI, iyo yakabatsira kuwana data pamusoro pekuumbwa kwayo uye maitiro. Kudzidza kweiyi pasi diki kwakakosha kuti unzwisise zvirinani kuumbwa uye kushanduka kwemitumbi ine matombo muSolar System.
Venus
Venus, nyika yechipiri kubva kuZuva, yakafanana nePasi muhukuru uye hukuru, uye inowanzonzi Earth "sister planet." Zvisinei neizvi, mamiriro eVenus ane huvengo hwakanyanya: gobvu rayo kabhoni dhaikisaidhi rinogadzira greenhouse mhedzisiro inosimudza tembiricha yepasi kusvika 465 °C, ichiiita iyo inopisa zvakanyanya muSolar System, kunyange kupisa kupfuura Mercury.
Chimwe chinoda kuziva nezveVenus kutenderera kwayo kwekudzoka, zvinoreva kuti inotenderera newachi, zvakapesana nemapuraneti mazhinji. Iyo ine zvakare zuva rakareba kwazvo musolar system pamazuva anosvika 243 ePasi. Pasinei nemamiriro ekunze ayo anopisa, nyanzvi dzemitumbi yomudenga dzakafungidzira pamusoro pokuvapo kwezvimiro zvisingaoneki zvisingaoneki mumativi epamusoro emhepo yakapoteredza pasi, umo mamiriro ezvinhu ari pakati nepakati.
Venus yakaongororwa zvakanyanya nezvitundumuseremusere zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira maprobe Venus yakatumirwa neSoviet Union uye munguva pfupi yapfuura iyo Akatsuki yeJapan, mukutsvaga kuti unzwisise zviri nani mafambiro emuchadenga nekushanduka kwayo.
Pasi
Pasi Ndiyo nyika yechitatu kubva kuZuva uye ndiyo chete nzvimbo inozivikanwa kusvika zvino kune hupenyu huripo. Yakaumbwa makore 4.567 miriyoni apfuura, uye hupenyu hwakabuda makore angangoita bhiriyoni gare gare. Nzvimbo yePasi inoumbwa nemakondinendi, nyanza, nemhepo ine nitrogen yakawanda (78%) neoxygen (21%), iyo yakabvumira kusimukira nekushanduka kwehupenyu. Uyezve, Nyika ine satellite yakasikwa, la Luna, yakasiyana muchikamu chayo nekuda kwehukuru hwayo maererano nepasi redu.
Kuvepo kwemvura yemvura muhuwandu hukuru paPasi penyika ndiyo hunhu hunoisiyanisa kubva kune mamwe mapuraneti. Saizvozvo, mhepo yaro uye magineti inodzivirira zvipenyu kubva kune inokuvadza mwaranzi yezuva uye inobvumira kudzora tembiricha yepasirese, zvichiita kuti kuvepo kwezvakasiyana zvipenyu zvigoneke.
Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakonzera kuti Nyika ive pasi rinogarika, senge chinzvimbo chayo mu «nzvimbo inogoneka«, iyo inobvumira kutonhora kuve kwakakodzera kwekugara kwemvura yemvura pamusoro payo. Geological formations uye plate tectonics inoitawo basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze epasi.
Marte
Marte, inozivikanwawo se "nyika dzvuku," inyika yechina kubva kuZuva Ruvara rwayo runobva kune iron oxide inovhara pamusoro payo. Mars inonyanya kunakidza kubva pamaonero ezvenyeredzi, sezvo humbowo hwakawanda hunoratidza kuti yakambogara mvura yemvura, izvo zvinosimudza mukana wekuti yaive nyika inogarwa.
Parizvino Mars ine mhepo yakatetepa kwazvo, inoumbwa zvakanyanya necarbon dioxide (CO2), iyo inodzikamisa kugona kwayo kuchengetedza kupisa uye inoita kuti tembiricha ichinje zvakanyanya. Nguva yechando inogona kutonhora zvakanyanya, tembiricha ichidzika kusvika -125°C. Masetelliti maviri anotenderera Mars: Phobos y Deimos, ose ari maviri anogona kunge ari asteroid akabatwa negiravhiti repasi.
Mamisheni achangoburwa akadai chiringa y Kutsungirira vakaongorora pamusoro peMars nokuda kwezviratidzo zvehupenyu hwekare uye vachiongorora mukana wekuti nyika inogona kunge yakave nemamiriro ekugara pane imwe nguva munhoroondo yayo. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mamisheni anouya kuMars anogona kuburitsa zvimwe zvakavanzika pamusoro pepasi rino rinonakidza.
Jupita
Jupiter ndiyo nyika yakakura kwazvo munyika Solar system uye yechishanu kubva kuZuva Huremu hwayo hwakapetwa ka318 pane hwePasi uye ine mwedzi inodarika 79 inozivikanwa, pakati payo inonyanya kukosha ndeye. Ganymede, Callisto, Io y Europe -Iyo yekupedzisira ndeyekuda kwesainzi kwakakosha nekuda kwekugona kuvepo kwegungwa pasi penzvimbo yaro yakaoma nechando.
Jupiter yakakurumbira nokuda kwayo Yakakura Tsvuku Spot, dutu guru rave richishanda kwemazana emakore uye rakakura zvakakwana kuti rigadzikane mapuraneti akawanda akakura mukati maro. Yakaumbwa zvakanyanya nehydrogen nehelium, Jupiter haina nzvimbo yakasimba, uye mhepo yakapoteredza pasi inozivikanwa nemabhandi ayo anoshamisa emakore anotenderera pasirese nekumhanya kunoshamisa.
Jupiter yakashanyirwa neakawanda maprobes emuchadenga, mukupfuura uye pamisheni chaiyo, senge Galileo uye basa razvino Juno, iyo inoenderera mberi nekudzidza kwayo magnetosphere uye atmospheric dynamics.
Saturn
Saturn ndiyo puraneti yechitanhatu kubva kuZuva uye inoonekwa zviri nyore nekuda kweiyo mhete system, yakanyanya kuwanda uye yakaoma muSolar System. Mhete idzi dzakagadzirwa neaizi nematombo emhando dzakasiyana. Kunyange zvazvo mapuraneti makuru ane rumwe rudzi rwemhete, maSaturn ndiwo akanyanya kusimba.
Saturn ihofori yegasi, inonyanya kuumbwa nehydrogen nehelium, uye ine mwedzi inodarika makumi masere inozivikanwa. Titan, mwedzi waro mukurusa, wakatokura kudarika pasi reMercury uye unonyanya kufarirwa nekuda kwemhepo yaro yakakora uye kuvapo kwemadziva ehydrocarbon nenzizi.
space probes Cassini y Huygens vakapa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro peSaturn nemwedzi yaro, kuratidza data inonakidza pamusoro pekugadzirisa zvindori zvayo uye kuumbwa kwemwedzi yayo.
Uranus
Husiku, Uranus Inoonekwa. Nekudaro, vanoongorora nyeredzi havana kuzvinyora munguva yakapfuura nekuda kwechiedza chayo chidiki uye kunonoka kutenderera. Uranus ine inotonhora kwazvo mamiriro epuraneti mune iyo Solar System ine tembiricha -224 ° C.
Neptune
Iyi ndiyo nyika yechisere ye System Solar uye yaive yekutanga kuwanikwa kubudikidza nekufungidzira kwesvomhu. Huremu hwayo hwakakura zvakapetwa ka17 pane Nyika uye zvakare hwakakura zvishoma pane mapatya ayo, Uranus. Muchirongwa chezuva, mhepo dzakasimba dziri pa Neptune.