Mumakore achangopfuura, mapoka akawanda ekutsvagisa akawana chokwadi icho, kunyanya, chiri kukwezva bvudzi: Kune madolphin akawanda ari kuramba achingogara muuropi ane kukuvara kwehuropi kunofanana neAlzheimer's yevanhu.Zvaimbofungidzirwa kuti hazvina kunyatsojeka zvino zvinotsigirwa nezvidzidzo zvemajini, kuongororwa kwechepfu, uye kuongororwa kwakadzama kwezvitunha zvemhuka idzi dzemugungwa muFlorida, Scotland, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzepasi rose.
Pane kungoda kuziva zvesainzi chete, Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinobatanidza zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvepuzzle imwe chete: shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa kwemvura, uye zvirwere zvinokanganisa tsinga.Madhongi anoita se "varindi" vechokwadi vegungwa, uye nekucherechedza zvinoitika muuropi hwavo, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoshamisika kana tisiri kuona yambiro yekutanga yezvingangoitikawo mumarudzi edu.
MaDolphins ane hunhu hwakafanana neAlzheimer's: chii chakawanikwa chaizvo
Imwe yenyaya dzakanyatso tsvakwa inobva kumahombekombe ekumabvazuva kweFlorida, muIndian River Lagoon, nzvimbo inodziyirwa nemamiriro ekunze uye yakazara nezvinovaka muviri zvinobva kufetereza yekurima nemvura yakasviba. Kwemakore anoda kusvika gumi, Masayendisiti epaYunivhesiti yeMiami akaongorora huropi hwemadhononi makumi maviri emumhino (Tursiops truncatus) akavharirwa mudziva iri., nzvimbo inozivikanwa zvinosuwisa kuti ine mabhakitiriya anongogara achitumbuka uye tupuka tudiki tune chepfu.
Mushonga we neurotoxin chaiwo wakawanikwa mumhuka idzi: 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (2,4-DAB), amino acid inongowanikwa chete inogadzirwa nemamwe algae nemabhakitiriya.Chinhu ichi chinoungana muuropi hwavo kusvika padanho rakanyanya, kunyanya munguva yekupisa apo maruva ane chepfu anotumbuka zvakanyanya. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, huwandu hwe2,4-DAB muuropi hwakasvika Kakapetwa kagumi munguva yemaruva kwete panguva dzisina maruva.
Madhophin akanwa chepfu iyi kuburikidza hove nehove dzakasvibiswaKufanana nekuti dzimwe mhuka (kusanganisira vanhu) dzinosangana sei nezvinhu zvinoburitswa ne "red tides," kukura uku kwemhuka muchikamu chezvekudya kunoita kuti madolphin mhando dzevarindi dzemamiriro ezvinhu egungwanekuti vanonyanya kutarisisa zvinhu zvinotenderera mugungwa kwemakore.
Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa chakawanikwa apo, pamusoro pekuyera chepfu, vaongorori vakaongorora biology yemamorekuru europi. Nekuongorora transcriptome (majini ari kuratidzwa) ecerebral cortex, vakawana zvinopfuura Majini mazana mashanu ane chimiro chakachinja muma dolphin anoonekwa nemaruva ane chepfuMazhinji acho ndiwo akafanana neaya anoita seasina kugadzikana muuropi hwevanhu vane chirwere cheAlzheimer's.
Shanduko idzi hadzina kungogumira munzvimbo diki chete: Padanho renzira dzetsinga, izvi zvakakosha; uropi hwemadolphin aya hwakatanga "kutaura mutauro mumwe chete" nehwevanhu vane dementia.Tsvagiridzo iyi, yakaburitswa mumagazini yeCommunications Biology (Nature), yakasimbisa kekutanga pfungwa yekuti mhuka yemugungwa inogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvemajini zvakafanana nezvirwere zvevanhu.
Maruva eCyanobacterial uye neurotoxin 2,4-DAB
Maruva e cyanobacteria nedzimwe nyuchi dzine chepfu, dzinozivikanwa muchirungu se Maruva Anokuvadza eAlgal (HABs), zvava chinhu chinowanzoitika pamhenderekedzo dzegungwa nemumadziva emvura inodziya. Kudziya kwepasi rose uye zvinovaka muviri zvakawandisa (nitrogen nephosphorus) zvinobva mukurima nemvura yakasviba zvinogadzira nzvimbo yakakwana yekuberekera "soup dzakasvibira" idzi..
Munzvimbo dzakadai seIndian River Lagoon, "Maruva makuru" anoitika munenge mwaka wega wega wezhizhaDzinoderedza zvakanyanya mwero weokisijeni mumvura, dzinodzipa hove, uye dzinoparadza mafuro egungwa ayo mamwe marudzi anovimba nawo. Pamusoro pekukanganisa uku kunoonekwa, dzinoburitsa musanganiswa wechepfu unoungana mukati mekudya: hove, mollusks, shiri dzegungwa, mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzepanyika, uye, zvechokwadi, madolphin nevanhu vanodya hove dzegungwa kana kufema maaerosols akasvibiswa.
2,4-DAB, iyo nyaya yechidzidzo cheFlorida, yaimboonekwa semushonga we neurolathyrogenic, zvichireva kuti inokwanisa kukuvadza tsinga dzemitsipa uye kuchinja kuenzana kwemagetsi kwema neuronInoshanda seamino acid inomutsa manzwiro inogona kukonzera kushatirwa kwakanyanya, kudedera, pfari, nezvimwe zviratidzo zvetsinga kana munhu akabatwa nechirwere ichi zvakanyanya.
Chinokosha pakuwana mabasa matsva ndechekuti 2,4-DAB ine njodzi yakafanana kana munhu achisangana nechirwere ichi kwenguva refu, chiri pakati nepakati, uye mumwaka.Zhizha rega rega rine maruva akasimba rinoita semafungu emvura, richisiya "vanga" remamorekuru pauropi hwemadolphin. Mwaka wega wega unodziya, shanduko dzinoungana mukugadzirwa kwemajini, mapuroteni akakosha, uye maumbirwo etsinga, sekunge nharaunda iri kuungana kukuvara kwakaoma kugadzirisa.
Maitiro acho akajeka zvekuti masayendisiti akasimbisa hukama hwakananga: Makore akawanda akatevedzana ayo dolphin yairarama nemaruva ane chepfu, ndiko kwainyanya kuoneka kukuvara kwemajini.Kuora kwacho hakuna kungoerekana kwaitika, asi kwakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, mwaka nemwaka, tembiricha yegungwa nekusvibiswa kwemvura zvichishanda semafuta.
Uropi hwedolphin hunotevedzera zviratidzo zveAlzheimer's yevanhu
Nekudzidza zvakadzama kuti majini api akachinja muuropi hwemadolphin, vaongorori vakawana kuti akachinjwa 536 masaini e transcriptomic ane chekuita nemabasa akakosha etsinga dzetsingaPamajini iwayo, anopfuura mazana mana akaratidza kushanda kwakawedzera uye anopfuura zana akarasikirwa nekushanda kwemasero zvishoma kana kuti akapotsa adzima zvachose.
Pakati pevakanyanya kukanganiswa paive majini akabatana ne Kutapurirana kwetsinga dzetsinga dzeGABAergicGABA ndiyo neurotransmitter huru inodzivirira uropi mutsinga dzemuviri, inokosha pakuderedza kushatirwa kwakanyanya muuropi. Kudzikira kukuru kwemazinga ema enzyme kwakaonekwa muma dolphin akange akabatwa ne 2,4-DAB. glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)ine basa rekushandura glutamate (excitatory) kuita GABA (inhibitory). Kusarongeka uku kunoita kuti system iite hyperexcitability, inotsvedza nekuda kwepfari, zvirwere zvepfungwa, uye maitiro e neurodegenerative.
Kuderera kwekutaura kwe [chimwe chinhu] kwatozivikanwa muchirwere cheAlzheimer's chevanhu. GAD1 neGAD2Chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza kuti kuvapo kwe2,4-DAB kunogona kukurumidzisa kudzikira kwemadolphin. kusundira network yetsinga mumamiriro ekushushikana kusingaperiPanguva imwe chete, shanduko dzakaonekwa mumajini anoumba basement membrane yetsinga dzeropa dzeuropi, zvakakosha pakuvimbika kwe ropa reuropi chipingamupinyiiyo inoshanda sesefa inodzivirira kubva kuzvinhu zvine chepfu kubva muropa.
Rimwe boka remajini akachinjwa rinokanganisa zvinhu zvepakutanga zvinokonzera chirwere cheAlzheimer kuvanhu. Kuwedzera kwebasa rejini [zita rejini] kunonyanya kucherechedzwa. ApoeAPOE, inoonekwa seimwe yezviratidzo zvikuru zvemajini zvinoita kuti vanhu vabatwe nechirwere ichi. Mune mamwe madolphin, kuonekwa kweAPOE kwakawedzera ka6,5. Panguva imwe chete, majini akadai se NRG3Zvaikosha pakuumbwa nekuchengetedzwa kwemasynapses, mashandiro awo akaderera, zvichiita kuti kuenzana kwemaneuron kuome zvakanyanya.
Vaongorori vakaonawo kuti majini akawanda ane chekuita nekuzvimba uye kufa kwemasero, zvakaita se TNFRSF25Dutu iri rekuzvimba, pamwe chete nekukuvadza muviri uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwezvinodzivirira ropa neuropi, zvinogadzira musanganiswa unoputika wetsinga dzetsinga, wakafanana zvikuru neuyo unoonekwa muuropi hwevanhu vane chirwere cheAlzheimer's chakakwira.
Dai izvozvo zvisina kukwana, matishu emadolphin akaongororwa muFlorida uye mune zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekare akawanikwa. ma beta-amyloid plaques, ma tangles e hyperphosphorylated tau protein, uye TDP-43 inclusionsKuchinja kwemapuroteni matatu aya ndiwo zviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zveAlzheimer's yemunhu nezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa zvine chekuita nepfungwa. Kusangana kwacho hakuratidzike setsaona chete: zvese zvinoratidza kuti uropi hwemhuka idzi dzemugungwa huri kutevera nzira inoora yakafanana neyedu.
Zvimwe chepfu dze cyanobacterial: basa reBMAA nema isomers ayo
2,4-DAB haisiriyo yega neurotoxin inobva ku cyanobacteria inonetsa vesainzi. β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) nedzimwe isomers dzayo dzakaonekwa semakemikari ane chepfu yakanyanya kumasero etsinga., inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakafanana neAlzheimer's uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kwepfungwa mumhando dzemhuka dzemurabhoritari.
Ongororo pamusoro pevanhu vari pachitsuwa cheGuam yakaratidza kuti kugara uchisangana nehupfu hwecyanobacteria kuburikidza nekudya Zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvetsinga zvine zviratidzo zveAlzheimer's nezvimwe zvirwere zvinopera simba. Zvinhu izvi zvinoungana mucheni yechikafu nenzira imwecheteyo ne2,4-DAB, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda mugungwa nemumakungwa.
Kana ari madolphin, Ongororo chaiyo yeshiri makumi maviri dzemhando yebottlenose dzakavharirwa muIndian River Lagoon yakaratidza kuvapo kweBMAA nedzimwe nhamba dzayo dzemaisomers muuropi.kusanganisira 2,4-DAB yambotaurwa. Mhando dzemabhakitiriya akafa panguva yemwaka wekupisa wemwaka wekupisa dzakaratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwe2,4-DAB, kusvika pa2.900 zvakapetwa kupfuura zvakayerwa mumhuka dzisina kutumbuka.
Kurwara kwetsinga kwakaonekwa muma dolphin aya kwaisanganisira ma β-amyloid plaques, ma tangles e hyperphosphorylated tau, uye TDP-43 depositsZvakawanikwa izvi, pamwe chete ne536 majini ekuchinja ane chekuita neAlzheimer's yevanhu akaonekwa panguva yekutumbuka kwemaruva, zvinosimbisa pfungwa yekuti... Hatisi kubata nekukuvara kuri nyore, asi nedambudziko rakaoma rekusagadzikana rinokonzereswa nehupfu hwezvakatipoteredza..
Ongororo dzichangoburwa mumagazini dzakadai se Toxin y European Journal of Neuroscience Vanoti kugara kwenguva refu uchisangana nehuturu hwepfungwa idzi kunokonzera kuwedzeredzwa kwetsinga dzemutsinga, kudzikira kwemazinga ema enzyme akadai se glutamate decarboxylase, uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwe synapticMaitiro ese aya anoonekwa sezvinhu zvakakosha mukukura kwezvirwere zvetsinga, saka zvakawanikwa mumadolphin zvinoenderana nezvatoonekwa mumhando dzemhuka uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzevanhu.
Kusagadzikana, kuvhiringidzika, uye fungidziro ye "mutungamiriri anorwara"
Kupfuura nhamba, mhedzisiro yacho iri pachena kumahombekombe. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinorwadza mwoyo kune chero munhu anoda gungwa kuona dolphin kana whale ichifa pamhenderekedzo yegungwaMuzviitiko zvakadaro, nyanzvi dzezvehupenyu hwemugungwa nevazvipiri vanowanzonyorovesa ganda ravo nemabhaketi emvura yegungwa, voafukidza nemagumbeze akanyorova kudzivirira kupera mvura mumuviri, uye vanoedza kuvabatsira kudzokera mumvura sezvo mvura iri kukwira.
Kuseri kwezviitiko izvi zvakawanda pane mubvunzo unoramba uchibvunzwa: Sei mhuka dzakawanda dzemugungwa dzichipedzisira dzavharirwa dzofa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa? Mumakore achangopfuura, fungidziro dzakawanda dzakafungwa nezvadzo: kubva pakuroverana nemidziyo yemumvura uye ruzha rwevanhu pasi pemvura kusvika kuhutachiona, shanduko mumafungu emvura kana kutsvaga mhuka dzinodya mhuka mumvura isina kudzika.
Boka revaongorori vekuAmerica rakapa pfungwa isina kugadzikana asi ine musoro: Sezvinongoita vamwe vanhu vane dementia vanorasika kure nekumba, mamwe madolphin anogona kuvhiringidzika nekuda kwemaitiro etsinga dzakafanana neAlzheimer's.Kana nzvimbo yayo yenzwi uye nzira yayo yekufamba ikanyanya kuipa, mhuka inogona kuguma yava munzvimbo dzisingafaniri kunge dziri, ine njodzi huru yekubatwa netambo.
MuUnited Kingdom, zvidzidzo zvema "odontocetes" makumi maviri nemaviri (toothed whales) mushure mekufa, kusanganisira Madolphin ane muromo muchena, mapopoise epachiteshi chengarava, mawhale emupilot ane minwe mirefu, uye mawhale emupilot ane minwe mipfupi.Vakaona muzvikamu zvitatu zvekare zveuropi zvakafanana neAlzheimer's yevanhu: kuunganidzwa kwe beta-amyloid mumaplaque, kusanganisana kweprotein ye tau uye kuwanda kwemasero eglial ane chekuita nekuzvimba kweuropi.
Kusangana uku kwakapa simba kune vanonzi dzidziso ye "mutungamiri anorwara"Zvinoenderana nepfungwa iyi, mapoka ehove dzine mazino dzinofamba dziri mumapoka anogona kutevera munhu mukuru uyo, nekuda kwechirwere chepfungwa kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwepfungwa kwakafanana, anorasikirwa negwara rake opinda mumvura isina kudzika. Dzimwe mhuka, dzinoita sedzine hutano, dzinotevera nekuda kwekubatana kwevanhu uye dzinopedzisira dzabatwawo pamhenderekedzo.
Kunyange hazvo masayendisiti asingakwanise kusimbisa nechivimbo chakazara kuti mhuka idzi dzine dambudziko rekusaziva rakafanana neremunhu ane chirwere cheAlzheimer's, Kufanana kwetsinga dzetsinga kwakajeka zvekuti zvakaoma kutenda kuti maitiro avo haana kukanganiswa.Dambudziko guru nderekuti, kusiyana nevanhu, ndangariro dzavo kana kuti maonero avo hazvigone kuongororwa muhupenyu hwavo hwese uchishandisa mabhatiri ekuyedza anoshandiswa mu neurology.
Kurasikirwa nekunzwa, maitiro, uye hutano hwepfungwa
Imwe kona inowedzera kuoma kwedambudziko iri kunzwa. Mumadolphin nedzimwe mhuka dzemuCetacean, Kufamba kwemhepo, zvichibva paruzha, kwakakosha pakudzidzisa, kutsvaga chikafu, uye kuchengetedza kubatana kwevanhu.Kuchinja kupi zvako pakugona kwavo kunzwa kunogona kukanganisa zvachose hupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.
Ongororo dzakapfuura dzakaratidza kuti, zvirinani, Hafu yemadolphin akavharirwa ane kurasikirwa kukuru kwekunzwa kana kunzwa.Kunyangwe chidzidzo chikuru chakaitwa paIndian River Lagoon chisina kusanganisira audiometry pasampuli dzese, ongororo yebrain transcriptome yakaratidza chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa: kutaura kwemajini ane chekuita nekunzwa, senge MYO1F, STRC uye SYNE4Zvaienderana nekusangana ne2,4-DAB, mwaka wekutumbuka, uye gore rekuoma kwemiti.
Muvanhu zvinozivikanwa kuti Kurasikirwa nekunzwa chinhu chinokonzera dementia uye kunogona kukonzera kana kukurumidzisa kutanga kwechirwere cheAlzheimer.Chokwadi chekuti madolphin anoratidza zviratidzo zvekuora kwetsinga, kubatwa nehupfu hwe cyanobacterial, uye kuchinja kwemajini ekunzwa zvinoratidza kuti nzvimbo ine chepfu inogona kukanganisa masisitimu akawanda anonzwa panguva imwe chete, zvichisiya mhuka isina zvishandiso zvayo zvikuru zvekutungamira nekudyidzana.
Nyanzvi dzezvehupenyu hwemugungwa dziri mubasa iri dzinosimbisa kuti Kusanganiswa kwechepfu yetsinga nekutadza kunzwa kunochinja maitiro, kunotadzisa kufamba, uye kunopedza simba kubatana kwevanhu. mukati memapoka emadolphin. Izvi zvinowedzera zvakanyanya mukana wekuti shiri dzibatwe netambo dzakawanda, kunyanya kana dzichisangana nekupisa kwakanyanya kana kuti kusvibiswa kwakanyanya.
Kutaura zvazviri, chidzidzo chakaburitswa mu PLOS ONE Muna 2019 yakanga yatoratidza kuti Matambudziko etsinga dzemusana nematsinga emuuropi anowedzera panguva yekubuda kwemaruva ane chepfu.Izvi ndizvo zvinosimbiswa neongororo yakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura muFlorida nedzimwe nzvimbo nekuwana hukama hwakafanana hwemwaka pakati pezvinhu zvinokonzera kenza mumuviri, shanduko dzemaitiro, uye rufu pamhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Majini akagovaniswa: chii chinobatanidza uropi hwema dolphin nevanhu
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakaita kuti zvakawanikwa izvi zvinyanye kutariswa ndechekuti MaDolphin akafanana zvinoshamisa nevanhu munzira dzine chekuita nechirwere cheAlzheimer.Hazvisi zvekungoti uropi hwavo hwakakura uye hwakaoma kunzwisisa kana kuti vane maitiro epamusoro ekushamwaridzana; padanho reprotein nemajini, kufanana kwacho kwakatokura.
Basa rakapfuura rakaratidza kuti Kutevedzana kwemaamino acid e beta-amyloid peptide mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana emadolphin kwakafanana nekwevanhu.Mapuroteni e amyloid precursor (APP) akaumbwa uye akarongwa muma dolphin akadai saStenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus uye Globicephala melas (Risso's dolphin), zvichiratidza kuti isoform huru ine inenge 95% yakafanana ne770 amino acid human APP.
Uyezve, mhuka idzi dzinoyamwisa dzinoratidza mapuroteni akakosha anobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kweAPP kuti dzigadzire amyloid peptide: beta-secretase (BACE) uye presenilin 1 na2, zvikamu zvikuru zve gamma-secretase complexNemamwe mashoko, madolphin ane mamorekuru akafanana muuropi hwawo sezvatinoita isu kuti tigadzire uye tiunganidze beta-amyloid.
Kufanana uku kunoita kuti Kuonekwa kwema "amyloid plaques" muma "dolphin" akwegura hakushamisi kubva pakuona kwehupenyu.asi zvakakosha zvikuru kunzwisisa kuti kurarama kwenguva refu uye kugara kwenguva refu munzvimbo yatinogara kunogona sei kukonzera maitiro akafanana ekuora kwetsinga mumarudzi ese emhuka.
Zvichienderana nehupenyu hwavo hurefu uye chinzvimbo chepamusoro muchikamu chezvekudya, Zvipenyu zveCetacea zvinounganidza zvinhu zvinosvibisa makemikari, simbi dzinorema, uye chepfu dzezvipenyu kwemakumi emakore.Kana izvi zvikabatanidzwa nemamiriro ekunze anofarira maruva ane chepfu anodzokorora, mamiriro ezvinhu ekuonekwa kwezvirwere zvakaoma zvakaita seAlzheimer's anowanzo kuve mukana mukuru.
Zvinokanganisa hutano hwevanhu nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze
Imwe yemashoko anodzokororwa nenyanzvi ndeyekuti, kunyangwe Hazvigone kutaurwa zvakajeka kuti 2,4-DAB kana zvimwe zvinhu zvine chepfu ye cyanobacterial zvinokonzera Alzheimer's muvanhuKufanana kwemamorekuru nezvirwere zvinoonekwa mumadolphin kunoshamisa zvekuti hazvifanirwe kuregeredzwa.
Madholfini emumhino anowanzoonekwa sehove mhuka yechipiri yakangwara kupfuura dzose pasi roseVari kumashure kwedu uye vari pamberi pematsoko makuru mune mamwe hunyanzvi. Vanokwanisa kuzviona mugirazi, kudzidza masisitimu ekutaurirana akaomarara, uye kutumira maitiro etsika, akadai sekushandisa masiponji kudzivirira mhino dzavo pavanenge vachitsvaga chikafu. Zvinoshamisa kuti mhuka ine hunyanzvi hwepfungwa hwakadai inoratidza maitiro ekuora kwehuropi akafanana needu. Inovhura girazi risingafadzi pahukama huripo pakati pezvakatipoteredza nehutano hwetsinga..
Munzvimbo dzakadai seMiami-Dade County, iyo muna 2024 yakawana huwandu hwakanyanya hweAlzheimer muUnited StatesVamwe vaongorori vari kushamisika kana kugara vachisangana nemaruva e cyanobacterial munzvimbo dziri pedyo kungave kuri kuwedzera njodzi, kunyanya muvanhu vari panjodzi nekuda kwezera, majini, kana mamwe matambudziko ehutano.
Chokwadi ndechekuti Mafungu matsvuku nemamwe maruva ane chepfu atove akakonzera kuvharwa kwemahombekombe, kuurayiwa kwehove dzakawanda, uye zviitiko zvezvinetso zvekufema muvanhu. vanofema maaerosols emugungwa ane utachiona muFlorida nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzepasi. Kana tikawedzera pane izvi kukanganisa pfungwa kwenguva refu, kudiwa kwekuramba tichiongorora basa rinoitwa nehupfu uhwu muzvirwere zvinokanganisa tsinga kunova kukuru kupfuura kare.
Vanyori vezvidzidzo zvikuru vanosimbirira kuti zvichiri kudikanwa kusiyanisa zvakajeka pakati pehukama nechikonzero. Kunzwisisa mashandiro emasero nemajini anoita kuti maruva ari nyore ave njodzi kuhutano hwehuropi Chinhu chakakosha pakukwanisa kuongorora njodzi, kugadzira matanho ekudzivirira uye kuita sarudzo dzekutarisira nharaunda zvichibva pauchapupu hwakasimba.
Panguva iyi, madolphin anoramba ari iwo "anopa ruzivo" rwezviri kuitika pasi pemvura. Kugara kwenguva refu kwadzo, kunzwa kwadzo chepfu, uye kufanana kwadzo nemamorekuru edu kunoita kuti dzive mhando yevarindi vane mukurumbira.Kana zvikatanga kuratidza zviratidzo zveAlzheimer's munzvimbo dzinogara vanhu dzakakanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze uye kusvibiswa, pamwe gungwa riri kutiudza chimwe chinhu chatisingafaniri kuregeredza.
Nekubatanidza zvidimbu izvi zvese—maruva e cyanobacterial anowedzera kureba uye akasimba, chepfu dzeuropi dzakadai se2,4-DAB neBMAA dzichiungana mucheni yechikafu, madolphin akavharirwa ane kukuvara kwehuropi kwakafanana neAlzheimer's, uye vanhu vanogara nekushambira munzvimbo imwe chete dzemahombekombe— Mufananidzo unobuda ndewegungwa rinoratidza zvine hutsinye kukanganiswa kwatinoitwa nemabasa edu pahutano hwepasi redu nepfungwa dzedu..