Kufungidzira social network inoita kunge quantum laboratory inganzwika kunge ngano yesainzi, asi kune zvidzidzo zvesainzi zvinonyatso kuratidza izvi. Zvikuru sei, Vatsvagiri kubva kuYunivhesiti yeSeville vakapa zano rekuti quantum social network izvo zvinoshandura mafungire atinoita nezvekudyidzana pamapuratifomu seFacebook kana zvakafanana, uye akati wandei ekuedza nechiedza anoratidza maitiro akaungana zvinoshamisa akafanana neaya emagariro.
Uyezve, mukufambirana nenyika yemadimikira, True quantum communication network iri kutora chimiro neQKD, vanodzokorora, setiraiti, uye mapurojekiti akaita seEuroQCI, pamwe nekufambira mberi kwedzidziso inokwirisa kugadzikana kwayo nezviwanikwa zvishoma. Zvese izvi zvakapindirana nemaitiro matsva e quantum artificial intelligence, kupi quantum reservoirs uye kunyange photonic memristors Vanovhura nzira dzemabasa akaoma ekufanotaura.
Zvinorevei kutaura nezve quantum social network?
Chikwata kubva kuYunivhesiti yeSeville, naAdán Cabello Quintero, Antonio José López Tarrida naJosé Ramón Portillo Fernández, vachibatsirana naLars Eirik Danielsen kubva kuYunivhesiti yeBergen, vakatsanangura kuti kusangana kungave kwakadii mune network uko. hukama pakati pevatambi hwaienderana nequantum experiments yakagadzirwa nemushandisi wega wega. Chikumbiro chavo chakasvika pabutiro reChinyorwa cheFizikisi A, kugutsurira kune kufarira kunogadzirwa nekusanganisa sociology uye quantum mechanics.
Pfungwa yakakosha ndeyekuti, pachinzvimbo chekuvimba chete nehukama hwagara huripo hwakadai sehushamwari kana mafaro, Izvo zvinongedzo zvinogona kutsanangurwa nemhedzisiro yezviyero zve quantumMuchirevo chechinyorwa chino, zvinoratidzwa kuti pane zviitiko umo mukana wemhinduro yakanaka (semuenzaniso, kubvuma kukokwa kana kuita kune meseji) inogona kunge yakakura kudarika mune yakaenzana classical network, chimwe chinhu cheukoshi hukuru hwemazano ekukurukurirana kana kushambadzira kwakanangwa.
Chikuva chakadaro chaizotaridzika sei mukuita? Parizvino, ingori pfungwa, asi Inogona prototyped pamwero diki murabhoritari.Mutambi wega wega angave nemudziyo wekuyera, semuenzaniso, mafotoni anofamba pakati penetiweki node, uye maitiro avo ehuwandu hwehuwandu hwaizosimbisa zvinongedzo zvinobudirira. Shanduko yemutemo iyi inosuma mabhenefiti ari kubuda akabatana neasiri-classicity yeruzivo, iyo isingaratidzike kana zvese zvaderedzwa kusvika pakufanana kwakamira.
Mukuenzanisa kunowanikwa, kana mune yechinyakare network nzira yakakwana ingave yekuwana iro boka hombe rine kufarira kwakafanana uye kugadzirisa meseji, mune quantum network. Zvingave zvakanyanya kudhura kubatanidza zvirimo kune zvakabuda muongororo. iyo mushandisi wega wega anogona kuita. Uku kuchinjwa kwemutambo wemagariro kunotiyeuchidza izvozvo quantum statistics inopisa zvinhu zvakabatana zvakaoma kubereka zvakare nemitemo yekare.
Mafoto anouya pamwechete senge muresitorendi yakazara vanhu
Ongororo yakaitwa neboka raMartin Weitz paYunivhesiti yeBonn yakaona kuti, kana paine mafotoni mashoma, aya Dzinogovaniswa pasina kusarudzwa pakati pematanho esimba maviri anenge akafanana mune dhayi microcavity. Asi pakupfuura imwe chikumbaridzo (pahurongwa hwe250 photons), Vanowanzoisa pfungwa mune yakaderera simba mamiriro, sokunge vakaona kuti pakanga patova nevakawanda veboka ipapo.
Iyo yekuyedza setup yakashandisa magirazi akagadzira kaviri-tsime mukana uye maviri anenge akadzikira modes, ine simba rakanyanya kuderera kudarika simba rekupisaPakanga pasina chikonzero chakasimba chekusarudza pakutanga kutarisa, asi huwandu hweboson hwakakonzera mhedzisiro inosimudzira: bosonic stimulationTsika yekuti mabhosi atore nyika imwechete. Uyezve, kuchinja, Kwakanga kusiri kuchinja kwechimbi-chimbiasi inofambira mberi crossover, ichiita mutsauko neiyo yakanaka Bose-Einstein condensation.
Maitiro aya akateedzerwa munguva chaiyo uye akatibvumira kuona Josephson oscillations pakati pematsime maviri... tsanangudzo yakanyatsojeka yehuwandu hwekubatana. Mhedzisiro haisi yekungoda kuziva: inovhura magonhi ekugadzirwa kwe mamwe anowirirana uye ane simba manyuko emwenjenokuti tsika iyi yekuungana pamwe chete inogona kufambisa kuwiriranisa kwechikamu nekugadzirisa kushoma kwekunze.
Kunze kwekufananidza kwemagariro, chidzidzo chinoratidza kuti pfungwa dze quantum thermodynamics dzakadai sei. tembiricha inoshanda, simba remahara kana kuenzana Ivo vanoshanda vachishandisa mwenje mune akareruka maviri-level topology. Ona kuti mafotoni anosarudza sei nzvimbo ine vanhu vakawanda. Inoenderana nemutauro wehuwandu hwe quantum mechanics. uye inopa mazano matsva ekugadzirira zvirongwa pane optical mapuratifomu.
Kunyangwe mafotoni asingadyidzane pamwe chete sezvikamu zvine masimba akananga, avo Nhamba dzakajairika dzinoita kuti vanhu vapindureChimwe chinhu chakafanana chinoitika kana cafe yakazara nevanhu ichikwezva vanhu vazhinji: hapana kusunda kwemuviri kunodiwa. Mutemo wenhamba wakakwana. yakakodzera kumutsa boka.
Quantum nheyo dzinotsigira kuenzanisa
Kugadzira iyo conceptual framework, zvakakodzera kuyeuka izvozvo Superposition inobvumira sisitimu kuve munzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete kusvikira tayera. Mikana yakabatana nechikamu chega chega chepamusoro inoraira kuti mhedzisiro inowanzoitika sei mushure mezviyero zvakawanda, uye kudonha kunosarudza kukosha chaiko muchiito chese chekuyera.
Mune quantum mechanics, zvinoonekwa ndezvevashandi uye mamwe mapeya haigoni kutsanangurwa nemazvo panguva imwe chetesezvinotaurwa nehukama hwekusagadzikana. Harisi dambudziko rezviridzwa, asi a kuganhurirwa kwemukati memuviri iyo inoronga nzira yatinogovera maavhareji uye kupararira kana tichiyera hukuru hwakadai sesimba kana kukurumidza.
Iko kupindirana kunowedzera chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa: Maitiro maviri anogona kungotsanangurwa akabatana uye kuyerwa kwadzo kunoratidzika kunge kwakabatana zvisinei nedaro. Kudyidzana uku hakufambisi masaini pamusoro pekumhanya kwechiedza, asi kunodaro inovaka hukama hunogonesa mabasa ye-ultra-yakachengeteka kutaurirana uye kugovera kiyi.
Sezvo quantum mechanics iri probabilistic, iyo inobuda kukosha Dzinodudzirwa kuburikidza nepakati kana hunhu hunotarisirwa, nekunyatsotsanangurwa kusava nechokwadi. Uyu mutauro wezvinoreva uye zvakasiyana, pamwe nechimiro cheHilbert nzvimbo, Ndiyo hwaro hwakarongeka hwezvese zvinosanganisirwa muquantum network, mune zvekufungidzira munharaunda yemagariro uye mune chaiyo engineering.
Quantum kutaurirana network: QKD, vanodzokorora uye teleportation
Zvinonzi quantum network, kana quantum networking, tora mukana we Kupindirana uye kupindirana kutumira nekudzivirira ruzivoKune mbiru mbiri dzetekinoroji: quantum computing, ine qubits inokwanisa kumiririra 0 uye 1 panguva imwe chete, uye quantum cryptography, iyo inovimbisa kuti kuyerwa kunoshandura nyika uye saka inoratidza chero kuedza kweusori.
Iyo quantum kiyi yekugovera QKD inotumira yakavharidzirwa data seye classical bits, asi Makiyi anofamba akaiswa mu quantum statesKana mumwe munhu akaibata, nyika inodonha uye inoonekwa. Dambudziko rinoshanda riri mukurasikirwa: iyo fiber inotora photons uye inodzikamisa chinhambwe, saka node dzakavimbika dzinoshandiswa kana tsvakiridzo inoitwa mukati quantum repeaters iyo inochengetedza kiyi yakakomberedzwa pamusoro penzvimbo huru.
Imwe nzira ndeye quantum teleportation: kushandisa dzakabatikana pairs, Iyo quantum ruzivo rwe memory qubit inoendeswa kune imwe mugumo kuburikidza nechiyero chekubatana uye yekubatsira classical kutaurirana. Izvo hazvityore relativity nekuti inoda iyo classical chiteshi, asi Inokubvumira kutamisa nyika pasina kuakopa., kunzvenga kurambidzwa kwe cloning uye kusimbisa kuchengeteka.
Kuenzaniswa ne blockchain, quantum chengetedzo haina kuvimba nayo computing yakaoma asi mumitemo yepanyama. Ipo blockchain ichipokana nekuda kwemutengo wekombuta wekutyora cryptography yayo, QKD inodzivisa kuverenga pasina kusiya tsvakiridzo. Kunyange zvakadaro, hapana chivakwa chakakwanaPane matambudziko ane chekuita nebit rate, mutengo, uye decoherence iyo inoraira kumhanya kwekuendesa.
Iko kune kana kutaura nezve quantum internet senge network ye quantum network, inopindirana neiyo classic internetIzvo hazvizotsiva iyo yazvino, asi Ichashandiswa kune ekupedzisira-akachengeteka mabasa uye kubatanidza quantum processors, pasi pezvibvumirano zvichiri kushanduka uye neyambiro yekuti ivo vanogonawo kuoneka itsva quantum attack vectors.
Zvakanakira, zvazvino zvisingakwanisi uye mamiriro ehunyanzvi muna 2024
Pakati pezvinonyanya kutaurwa mabhenefiti ndeye kuchengetedzwa kwemuviri kunowedzerwa nechiyeromukana wezvakavimbika zvinongedzo uye, mune ramangwana, kutaurirana kunoshanda zvakanyanya mu latency pakati pe quantum nodes. Nekudaro, iyo pfungwa yekukasira inofanirwa kududzirwa ne nuance: Entanglement haifambisi ruzivo pachayo., kunyangwe ichishandiswa kugonesa kukurumidza uye yakachengeteka maprotocol kana asanganiswa neklasic channels.
Kukanganisa kunosanganisira kudzikama, mwero makiyi mareti, madaro, uye mutengoNharaunda iri kushanda pakugadzirisa kodhi. vanodzokorora vane quantum ndangariro uye zvivakwa zvinoshivirira ruzha. Mafemu nemazinga ari kufambawo akananga classical post-quantum encryption semubatsiri, kufunga nezvekurarama neshanduko.
Kuburitswa chaiko kuri kufambira mberi. China iri kutungamirira nzira neMicius satellite, terrestrial links inotora zviuru zvemakiromita, uye QKD videoconferences pakati peBeijing neViennaMuUnited States, zvikwata zvakaita seHarvard zvakaratidza quantum fiber network inotora mamaira makumi maviri nemaviri pakati penodhi. mucherechedzo nekuda kwechinhambwe uye kusimba kwayoEurope iri kusundira mberi neEuroQCI, uye mubatanidzwa unotungamirwa neDeutsche Telekom gadzirira QKD yekuongorora zvivakwa nokuda kwekondinendi.
Spain iri kufambira mberi zvakasimba: Quantumcat muCatalonia iri kutyaira kufambira mberi yakagadziridzwa maprotocol uye quantum ndangariro, uye Quantum Information and Communication Group yeUPM, piyona kubvira 2006 neTelfonica, akafambira mberi akananga. MadQCI, node yakakosha yeEuropean network. Iyo GSMA, ine IBM neVodafone, iri kushanda post-quantum zvinodiwa kune vanoshanda, kufanoona kwezvichauya.
Nguva uye zvinotarisirwa zvinofanirwa kuenzana: mishumo yakadai seHype Cycle ye Enterprise Networking 2023 inoisa kuzara kuzere pamhene anenge makore gumiZvichakadaro, huwandu hwevatyairi veQKD huri kuwedzera uye scalable tekinoroji iri kuedzwa fiber uye satellite.
Maitiro ekuchengeta quantum network ari mupenyu: iyo mashiripiti nhamba √N
Rimwe dambudziko rekuda kuziva quantum network nderekuti Intertwining links inopedzwa kana ichishandiswa kuitira qubit kutaurirana. Kana dzisina kuzadzikiswa, kubatanidzwa kunoparara. Chikwata chinotungamirwa naIstván Kovács (Northwestern) chakaratidza kuti zvakakwana kuti wedzera huwandu hwezvisungo zvitsva zvinoenderana neskweya mudzi wevashandisi kudzivirira kuparara nezviwanikwa zvishoma.
Kana network iine vashandisi veN, wedzera angangoita α* ≈ √N mitsva yekubatanidza mushure mekutenderera kwega kwega kwekutaurirana. Inochengeta network ichishanda pasina kuvakazve zvese.Kune vashandisi ve1000, zvingangoita makumi matatu nemaviri zvinongedzo zvinodikanwa; kune miriyoni imwe vashandisi, inoda kusvika 1000 links inodiwa. kushanda kunochengetedzwaIko kushanda kunoshamisa nekuti inokura zvishoma kudarika N.
Dimikira rezvitsuwa nemabhiriji rinobatsira: kuyambuka kwega kwega kunotyora zambuko, uye pachinzvimbo chekuvakisa zvese, Zvakakwana kutsiva chikamu chakakoshaSimulations zvakare inoratidza izvozvo Iyo yekutanga topology haina basa pane zvazvinoitaNekusimbisa kwakakodzera, network dzakasiyana dzinosangana kune dzakagadzikana dziine kubatana kwakanaka.
Nezve zvivakwa, muchidimbu muchidimbu: 2D miti kana mizinga yeuchi inoshanda asi isina kusimba mukutarisana nekurasikirwaErdős-Rényi network inouisa redundancy uye kuwana kusimba; uye magirafu akazara anosimba zvakanyanya, kunyangwe Izvo zvinodhura maererano nekubatanidzaNekusimbisa kwe√N, zvese zvinogona kuramba zvichibatsira nekufamba kwenguva pasina kushandisa mari yakawandisa.
Mhedzisiro iyi yakakosha kune quantum internet dhizaini nekuti inoturikira yakaoma ine simba dambudziko mukati mutemo uri nyore wekushanda Inoshanda nefiber kana satellite. Kuziva kuti ingani yekutsiva mune imwe neimwe iteration. kuderedza mari uye kuronga zviyero Zvakachengeteka.
Quantum AI uye reservoirs: kubva padzidziso kusvika kuphotonic memristors
Kupindirana pakati peAI uye quantum computing inodarika sirogani. Mune quantum reservoir computing, a quantum system inoshanda sechigadziro chine simba iyo inoshandura mapeji kuitira kuti classic goho layer idzidze mabasa akaoma nekudzidziswa kwakanaka.
Iyi paradigm inoda zvidimbu zvitatu: encoding classical data mu quantum states of overlap; vane a akapfuma dynamics ane ndangariro uye non-linearityuye tsanangura seti yezvingayerwa zvinoonekwa zvine avhareji dyisa zvinobudaNezvo, kufanotaura kwakaratidzwa Chaotic time series nemamwe mabasa asiri madiki.
Imwe mutsara unonyanya kukurudzira ndeyekushandisa photonic quantum memristorsQuantum memory resistors yakave yakaedzwa nechikwata muVienna. Nekugadzirisa akati wandei ezvinhu izvi sedhiza, simulations yakaitwa iyo kufanotaura iyo Lorenz system muzvikamu zvitatu, nekutendeka kubata geometry yepasi rose yeanokwezva pasinei nekuwedzera kukundikana kwenguva refu, chimwe chinhu chakasikwa mumhirizhonga.
Kufarira kwemaindasitiri kunonzwisisika: iyo kambani QuEra yakaratidza mhedzisiro yekuyedza yekudzidza neanalog quantum komputa pamwero mukuru, kusundira munda wakanangana nekuita kwepasirese chaiko. Kunyangwe pachine basa rinofanirwa kuitwa rekubatanidza zvakanakira pane zvechinyakare nzira, Iko kukwanisa kwekushanda kunokwezva mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mari yekudzidzira maitiro iri kukura isina kuvharwa.
Sekumashure, kumwe kufambira mberi kwehardware kunotaura mbiri-mhando entanglements uye gedhi dhizaini izvo Vanorerutsa uye kuderedza mutengo wedunhukuunza nguva yekubudirira kukuru uye kuoma kushoma. Hazvisi zvese zvinogadziriswa, asi Nzira yacho inokurudzira uye inobatanidza nezvido zvemanetiweki, masensa, uye komputa.
Mukuona kwezvikamu izvi, mufananidzo wakabatana unobuda: Quantum statistics inogona kukurudzira magariro analogiesMafoto anoratidza hukama hweboka nehunyanzvi hwekuita, chaiyo quantum network inofambira mberi mukuchengetedzeka uye chiyero, uye resipi iri nyore sekuzadza √N mabhondi. Inopa kugadzikana kwekubatanidza.Kuwedzerwa kune kusundidzira kubva kuhuwandu hwemvura uye zvirongwa zvepasirese, ecosystem iri kubuda umo quantum fizikisi haisisiri dzidziso chete, asi bhokisi rekushandisa rakagadzirira kushandura matauriro atinoita uye madzidzisiro atinoita kubva kudata.